Overview

Apache HTTPD is generally compatible with Moonshot through the use of an Apache GSS-API module.

Compatibility

Key

In the tables below, the following icons have the following meanings:

•  - This version of the software has been tested and verified as supporting Moonshot.
•  - This version of the software has been tested and verified as not supporting Moonshot.
•  - This version of the software has not yet been tested thoroughly and its status is not known. Let us know if you have tried it and whether it worked or not!

Compatibility List

Note that accessing supported versions of this software requires a Moonshot compatible client - see the next section for details on which clients are supported.

Version	Compatible?	Notes
Apache 2.4		Using both the Github GSSAPI Negotiate moduleMoonshot and the RedHat GSSAPI mod_auth_gssapi modules
Apache 2.2		Using the Moonshot mod_auth_gssapi module
Apache 2.0
Apache 1.3

Installation & Configuration

How you set up a Moonshot-enabled version of the Apache HTTP server will differ depending on your OS. See the relevant pages for your particular distribution:

• CentOS 6
• Debian 7
• RHEL 6
• Scientific Linux 6

Instructions for building the module manually for RHEL-based platforms can be found here.

Client Compatibility

The following clients are known to work with this server software using Moonshot authentication (click on the link to see further information about enabling Moonshot in that client):

• Microsoft Internet Explorer
• Mozilla Firefox
• Debian's Iceweasel
• Google Chrome
• This small python script

Next Steps

Once you have installed the software, what happens next?

Account Mapping

To Come

Testing

The simplest way to test the Apache Moonshot integration is to create a simple script, protected by Moonshot. To do this, do the following:

1. Create a simple script to protect by creating a directory for cgi scripts.

   Code Block
   language bash
   $ mkdir /var/www/moonshot

2. Create a script in that directory called "hello.cgi" with the following content:

   Code Block
   linenumbers true
   #!/bin/sh # disable filename globbing set -f echo Content-type: text/plain echo echo "Hello $REMOTE_USER, you have successfully authenticated." echo "If an identifier is not displayed after Hello, but you can see this page, then your IdP is not releasing the AAA User-Name attribute to this service and you are anonymous." echo echo "Some information about your server:" echo SERVER_SOFTWARE = $SERVER_SOFTWARE echo SERVER_NAME = $SERVER_NAME echo GATEWAY_INTERFACE = $GATEWAY_INTERFACE echo SERVER_PROTOCOL = $SERVER_PROTOCOL echo SERVER_PORT = $SERVER_PORT echo REQUEST_METHOD = $REQUEST_METHOD echo HTTP_ACCEPT = "$HTTP_ACCEPT" echo PATH_INFO = "$PATH_INFO" echo PATH_TRANSLATED = "$PATH_TRANSLATED" echo SCRIPT_NAME = "$SCRIPT_NAME" echo QUERY_STRING = "$QUERY_STRING" echo REMOTE_HOST = $REMOTE_HOST echo REMOTE_ADDR = $REMOTE_ADDR echo REMOTE_USER = $REMOTE_USER echo AUTH_TYPE = $AUTH_TYPE echo CONTENT_TYPE = $CONTENT_TYPE echo CONTENT_LENGTH = $CONTENT_LENGTH

3. Set the permissions appropriately:

   Code Block
   language bash
   $ chown -R www-data /var/www/moonshot && chmod 755 /var/www/moonshot/hello.cgi

4. Configure Apache to protect this location, by creating a file at /etc/apache2/conf.d/moonshot.conf with the following content:

   Code Block
   linenumbers true
   <Directory "/var/www/moonshot/"> AuthType Negotiate Require valid-user AddHandler cgi-script .cgi Options +ExecCGI </Directory>

5. Restart Apache2

   Code Block
   language bash
   $ service apache2 restart

6. Test by browsing to http://$yourservername/moonshot/hello.cgi with a compatible browser.

Troubleshooting

Incompatibility with other Apache modules

Currently there exist a problem of incompatibility when using Moonshot with other Apache modules, such as mod_shib or mod_php. The reason seems to be that Apache modules are dynamically loaded using the RTLD_GLOBAL flag. This makes that duplicated symbol names are overwritten in memory, resulting into calls to the wrong symbol and, thus, segmantation faults.

One of the symptoms of this incompatibility is text similar to the below in the Apache error log (error_log):

[date time] [error] [client 1.2.3.4] Failed to establish authentication: Invalid token was supplied (Unknown error)
[date time] [notice] child pid 12345 exit signal Segmentation fault (11)

Apache developers acknowledge this bug in the documentation of apr_dso_load (https://apr.apache.org/docs/apr/1.6/group__apr__dso.html#gaedc8609c2bb76e5c43f2df2281a9d8b6:

We aught to provide an alternative to RTLD_GLOBAL, which is the only supported method of loading DSOs today.

In particular, we have detected problems with (at least) the following modules:

• mod_shib Shibboleth module.
  This module is currently not compatible with the Shibboleth2 service provider Apache module. The reason is that mod_shib makes use of libshibsp-lite.so, whereas Moonshot makes use of libshibsp.so. As both libraries provide symbols with the same name but different implementations the system gets confused and fails.
  To resolve this error, just disable the Shibboleth module.

• mod_php5 JSON submodule.
  This module is not compatible with the PHP5 JSON submodule. The reason is that the module is built with libjson-c.so whereas Moonshot is built with libjansson.so. Both libraries share symbol names that fail when Apache dynamically loads them.
To resolve this error, disable the PHP5 JSON submodule. In Debian, just delete the /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/20-json.ini file. Note that no JSON support will be available from PHP.

Another alternative (and preferred) way of work-around this issues is to manually patch libapr to force the usage of the RTDL_DEEPBIND flag (as suggested by the developers in https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=62083#c1). In such a case, you need to ensure that the locally installed library is chosen before the system's one. The APR libray can be downloaded from https://apr.apache.org/download.cgi.

RP Proxy configuration

Populating REMOTE_USER

Web services often rely on the REMOTE_USER Apache environment variable for user information, such as a local user account or a pseudonymous identifier.

To populate REMOTE_USER, update the reply from the RP Proxy with the User-Name RADIUS attribute in the RP Proxy's post-auth section:

if (&request:GSS-Acceptor-Service-Name != 'trustidentity') {
    update reply {
        User-Name := "content"
    }
}

Setting the GSS-Acceptor-Host-Name and GSS-Acceptor-Service-Name attributes

You may find during testing that you get failures when attempting to authenticate. Run the RP Proxy in debug mode and check the incoming access requests from your webserver. When an access request looks similar to the below, you will notice that the GSS-Acceptor-Host-Name and/or GSS-Acceptor-Service-Name attributes are not set correctly, or are missing altogether, and you must set them manually.

(0) Sent Access-Request Id 1 from 192.168.1.15:48875 to 123.234.232.210:2083 length 128
(0)   User-Name = '@camford.ac.uk'
(0)   EAP-Message = 0x02...
(0)   Message-Authenticator = 0x...
(0)   Trust-Router-COI := 'ov-apc.moonshot.ja.net'
(0)   GSS-Acceptor-Realm-Name := 'moonshotrealm.camford.ac.uk'
(0)   Event-Timestamp = 'Jan 20 2017 10:20:28 GMT'
(0)   NAS-IP-Address = 192.168.1.15
(0)   Proxy-State = 0x30

To set these two vital attributes, you must do the following in your RP Proxy configuration:

1. Open the sites-available/abfab-tls file in the FreeRADIUS configuration directory (on RHEL platforms, it's /etc/raddb, on Debian platforms it's /etc/freeradius).
2. Locate the line 'clients radsec-abfab'.

3. Duplicate the 'client default' block below it and modify the duplicate to suit the requirements as below, then save the file:

   Code Block
   client moonshot-webserver-name { ipaddr = ipaddress of the webserver proto = tls gss_acceptor_host_name = "the actual hostname of the webserver, i.e. webserver.camford.ac.uk" gss_acceptor_service_name = "HTTP" gss_acceptor_realm_name = "the same realm name as in the 'client default' block" trust_router_coi = "the same realm name as in the 'client default' block" }

   Note

   You can name the client in the block above anything from just a simple entry to its full hostname. To make things easier, you may use the shortname configuration option in the list of options to set a short name that you can use elsewhere in your FreeRADIUS configuration. The ipaddr configuration option also accepts CIDR-formatted IP address blocks if you have multiple servers you want to connect as the same host.

4. Open the sites-available/abfab-tr-idp file in the FreeRADIUS configuration directory (on RHEL platforms, it's /etc/raddb, on Debian platforms it's /etc/freeradius).

5. Locate the line 'psk_authorize'. Insert the following block before that line, then save the file:

   Code Block
   if ("%{client:gss_acceptor_host_name}") { update request { GSS-Acceptor-Host-Name = "%{client:gss_acceptor_host_name}" } } if ("%{client:gss_acceptor_service_name}") { update request { GSS-Acceptor-Service-Name = "%{client:gss_acceptor_service_name}" } }

   Note
   This issue should be rectified and no longer necessary from FreeRADIUS 3.0.13 onwards.

6. Restart your RP Proxy, and re-test. Your entry should now look something more like this:

   Code Block

   (0) Sent Access-Request Id 10 from 192.168.1.15:47941 to 123.234.232.210:2083 length 159 (0) User-Name = '@camford.ac.uk' (0) GSS-Acceptor-Service-Name = 'HTTP' (0) GSS-Acceptor-Host-Name = 'webserver.camford.ac.uk' (0) EAP-Message = 0x02... (0) Message-Authenticator = 0x2a8cf41456b3b2e94473a1eb2849e561 (0) Trust-Router-COI := 'ov-apc.moonshot.ja.net' (0) GSS-Acceptor-Realm-Name := 'moonshotrealm.camford.ac.uk' (0) Event-Timestamp = 'Jan 20 2017 10:34:18 GMT' (0) NAS-IP-Address = 192.168.1.15 (0) Proxy-State = 0x30

AppArmor and SELinux

Ubuntu's AppArmor and the RedHat SELinux systems are also known to interfere with Apache's loading of the Moonshot module. Follow the appropriate operating system's instructions on how to allow Apache to access files outside its assigned directories.